Archives 2 月 2026

Jiaxing Fire Protection carried out a real fire scene simulation experiment in an unused and abandoned private house in Maqiao Street, Haining City. Jiaxing Fire Protection for pictures

In order to intuitively popularize fire prevention knowledge to the public, on January 15th, the Jiaxing Fire and Rescue Detachment conducted a real fire scene simulation experiment in an unused and abandoned private house in Maqiao Street, Haining City. By comparing the differences in safety indicators of fire doors, ordinary wooden doors, and doorless states, the truth about the protection of different categories in fire is revealed.

The experimental results show that qualified fire doors can effectively block thick smoke and high temperature, and can buy more golden escape and rescue time for trapped people than ordinary wooden doors.

This experiment focused on high-frequency corridor debris fire scenes in residential buildings, and set up three sets of controlled tests according to the real home environment: room A with ordinary wooden doors, room B with grade A fire doors, and room C without doors. Simultaneously monitor the temperature, flue gas concentration, visibility and other core safety indicators in each room. The experiment is controlled by firefighters on site throughout the whole process, equipped with a full set of fire extinguishing equipment and an emergency rescue team to ensure that the experiment is safe and controllable.

After the experiment was started, the firefighters ignited debris in the corridor. After the fire reached a stable burning state, all personnel immediately evacuated to a safe area.

Monitoring data show that the spread of the fire is much faster than expected: only about 30 seconds after the fire broke out, room C without a door was completely shrouded in thick smoke, and with the high temperature, the visibility instantly dropped to 0 meters, and there were no escape conditions.

Qualified fire doors can effectively block thick smoke and high temperature. Jiaxing Fire Protection for pictures

The protective effect of ordinary wooden doors is also limited. Three minutes after the fire broke out, the surface temperature of the ordinary wooden door in room A had reached more than 90℃. In 8 minutes, the wooden door was burned through in a large area, and the temperature soared to 450℃. Thick smoke completely filled the entire room, and the visibility was less than 0.5 meters. At this time, the room could no longer stay. Ordinary wooden doors ‘burned through in 8 minutes” are the results of this experiment in specific scenarios. Affected by factors such as wooden door material, thickness and corridor fire intensity, the length of time may vary under different conditions, but it can still intuitively reflect the limitations of its protection ability.

In stark contrast is the protective performance of fire doors. At the same time when the ordinary wooden door was burned through, the fire door of room B remained intact, and there was no obvious smoke oozing out of the door seam. At this time, the surface temperature of the door body was only about 85℃, the temperature in the room did not change significantly, and the visibility was maintained at more than 2 meters, and the basic escape conditions were still met. Until 20 minutes into the experiment, the fire door did not burn through or collapse, effectively blocking the external high temperature and toxic smoke, and retaining sufficient room for indoor personnel to avoid danger.

“The experimental data intuitively confirm the ‘life-saving’ value of fire doors. ”The fire-fighting supervisors who participated in the experiment said that the thick smoke in the fire is the number one killer, its spread rate is 100 times that of the evacuation speed of personnel, and it contains a lot of toxic gases, and qualified fire doors can effectively block the spread of flue gas and fire through their fire-resistant and heat-insulating properties. The spread of fire and the spread of fire. Judging from the experimental results, it will be in danger within 30 seconds in a doorless state. Ordinary wooden doors can only support for about 8 minutes, while heat-insulating fire doors are divided into three categories: Grade A, Grade B, and Grade C. The fire resistance limit requirements are 90 minutes, 60 minutes, and 30 minutes, respectively. Among them, the fire-resistant limit requirements are 90 minutes, 60 minutes, and 30 minutes.The poor protection time is the key to the golden escape and rescue in the fire.

The fire department took this experiment to remind again that winter is a high-incidence period of fires, and behaviors such as corridor stacking and illegal fire use can easily cause accidents. Residents should consciously clean up the debris in the corridors and ensure that the normally closed fire doors remain closed. Do not replace the fire doors with ordinary wooden doors, glass doors and other non-fireproof facilities for the sake of beauty or convenience. At the same time, families should plan their escape routes in advance, keeping in mind the principle of “run fast with a small fire, close the door with heavy smoke, and survive scientifically”. If you cannot evacuate smoothly during a fire, you should return indoors and close the door, block the door with a damp cloth, and send a distress signal at the window to wait for rescue.

“The fire door is a ‘life barrier’that prevents the spread of fire. In the event of a fire, the open fire door will form a ’chimney effect‘, which will cause great difficulties for escape and rescue. ”Yesterday, at the site of the Shanghai Two sessions, Hong Chengdong, a member of the Social Construction Committee of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress and the technical director of Shanghai Kunmou Automobile Service Co., Ltd., said that through on-site visits, it was found that there are some outstanding problems in the fire safety of high-rise buildings that need to be solved systematically and fundamentally.

Problem building fire doors

Hidden dangers remain

“In 2023, two high-rise buildings separated from the large-scale commercial complex Global Harbor will be listed as municipal listed supervision projects. At that time, 362 of the 960 fire doors were severely damaged, and 175 of the 240 smoke exhaust outlets were not working properly. Rectification was required that year. Last week, I went to the scene to check on the floor by floor and found that the fire doors on the 1st to 6th floors were closed and locked, and all the 7th to 28th floors were open. ‘Hong Chengdong said that there are a large number of high-rise buildings in Shanghai, they are built early, and they have a high density. In the event of a fire, it is difficult to evacuate and fight, and the fire spreads quickly. Moreover, there are many elderly people in Shanghai and the ability to escape is weak, which can easily cause mass deaths and injuries and major property damage.

After further investigation, he found that the fire safety responsibilities of properties in some residential areas are not in place, mainly reflected in: failure to regularly inspect and investigate fire hazards; failure to maintain fire-fighting facilities, equipment and safety signs in accordance with regulations; lack of professional level, knowledge and sense of responsibility of practitioners. Since 2023, the procuratorial organs have discovered that there are fire-fighting problems in more than 900 residential areas, and they have passed procuratorial recommendations to urge rectification.

At the same time, the hidden dangers of exterior wall insulation materials have not been completely resolved. According to the standards before 2010, a certain number of high-rise buildings in this city still use flammable and combustible exterior wall insulation materials. Fire investigation data in 2017 showed that more than 16,800 high-rise buildings used exterior wall insulation materials, of which more than 1,000 did not meet safety requirements and posed serious hidden dangers.

Operation ”Guardian of the Gate of Life’

Start now

To this end, he suggested that, first of all, immediately launch the “Life Gate Guardian” special action for the people to do practical things, and build the first line of defense. The special affairs department is authorized to authorize the fire department to issue a rectification notice, and the maintenance funds can be quickly activated; the government pockets the bottom and includes the communities that lack maintenance funds as private practical projects or financial budgets, and the district-level financial special allocations to implement “turnkey’ projects to ensure that the fire doors are repaired in place.

Secondly, consolidate local responsibilities and promote group prevention and group governance. Jiezhen assists fire-fighting departments in performing their supervisory duties in accordance with the law, comprehensively inspects public fire-fighting facilities, fire hazards, and fire-fighting violations, and urges rectification within a limited period of time; taking the Party building as the guide and the government as the lead, it promotes owners and industry committees to assume the primary responsibility for community safety management and give full play to the professional management role of property companies; strengthen fire-fighting publicityEducate and promote community participation in the comprehensive management of fire safety.

Finally, focus on the hidden dangers of exterior walls and accurately investigate and rectify them. Carry out a comprehensive investigation, and the housing, construction and housing management departments will carry out a net-pull investigation of the exterior thermal insulation materials of high-rise buildings, focusing on the verification of flammable and combustible materials, the cracking and shedding of the exterior walls and protective layers of aluminum-plastic panels. Carry out risk assessments and carry out renovation and repair of hidden buildings according to priorities. Through the establishment of a chapter system, improve the management system of high-rise buildings, formulate fire emergency plans, and clarify daily safety monitoring responsibilities.

“Fire fighting in high-rise buildings is related to the safety of life and property of millions of households. We look forward to the concerted efforts of many parties to build a strong line of defense for the safety of Shanghai city. ‘Hong Chengdong said.

Fire doors are China’s national standard in the field of building fire prevention (GB 12955), drafted byZhao Huali and Liu Xiaohui of the Tianjin Institute of Fire Protection of the Ministryof Public Security, and centralized by the National Fire and Rescue Administration. The standard was implemented on January 1, 2009, and a new version of the standard (GB 12955-2024) will be released in October 2024, replacing the 2008 version, and will be officially implemented on May 1, 2026.

The new version of the standard divides fire doors into three categories according to the place of use: fire doors for evacuation passages, fire doors for facilities and equipment, and fire doors for entering homes, and implements differentiated technical indicators. The technological upgrade includes tightening the combustion performance and environmental protection requirements of the main body of the door frame and the door core material, and adding technical indicators such as smoke sealing performance (single door smoke leakage ≤20m3/h), mechanical properties (repeated opening and closing durability 100,000 times) and water spray impact resistance. The fire door of the evacuation channel needs to have linkage signal reception and feedback functions.

The current standard GB 12955-2008 was drafted bythe Tianjin Fire Protection Research Institute of the Ministryof Public Security in a joint enterprise, replacing the 1991 steel fire door standard and the 1993 wooden fire door standard. The 2024 version of the standard revision adds smoke-proof performance requirements, adjusts material performance classification standards, and optimizes inspection rules.

In the two sessions of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress this year, Hong Chengdong, a representative of the Municipal People’s Congress, caught fire for his “climbing-up performance”-he traveled all over the 28 floors of high-rise buildings, counting the use of fire doors layer by layer, and found obvious safety hazards.

Representative Hong said that in 2023, this high-rise building in Shanghai will be listed as a municipal listed supervision project. According to statistics from the fire department at that time, 362 of the 960 fire doors were severely damaged, and 175 of the 240 smoke exhaust outlets were not working properly. Rectification was required that year.

Last week, Representative Hong walked back into the building and walked down from the 28th floor to the first floor. He found that the fire doors on the 2nd to 6th floors were closed and locked, but all the 7th to 28th floors were open. In fact, fire doors cannot be opened for a long time. In case of a fire, the chimney effect will be aggravated and the rescue will be hindered.

Representative Hong used the data and related research from the “climbing” of the building on the spot to put forward suggestions: immediately launch the ”Life gate Guardian’ to carry out practical actions for the private sector, to consolidate the responsibilities of all parties, and to accurately investigate hidden dangers.

At the meeting, once this suggestion was put forward, it received a positive response. After the meeting, Representative Hong was also surrounded by media reporters.

Why is “climbing stairs” on fire? First of all, because what he is concerned about is not the isolation of a building’s facilities, but also the safety of life and property of millions of households, and the bottom line of safety in megacities. The large number of high-rise buildings in Shanghai, the early completion and high density, coupled with the high proportion of the elderly population and the weak ability to escape, in the event of a fire, the consequences are unimaginable.

Secondly, this is a vivid portrayal of the deputies to the National People’s Congress conscientiously performing their duties and advising the people. Re-walking the problem of high-rise buildings, dissecting a ‘sparrow”, figuring out safety hazards for the citizens, and aiming at the pain points of safety governance in megacities, it also demonstrates the original intention of the deputies of the National People’s Congress to take root at the grassroots level and care about people’s livelihood.

Moreover, we need to “look back” like this. Behaviors that “repeatedly educate and never reform” in key areas that are related to people’s safety should be severely punished. The safety of megacities begins with the persistence of one door and ends with the co-governance of tens of millions of people.